APA

According to the APA Publication Manual, references should be arranged in alphabetical order. Double-spacing should be used between between successive lines of an entry. These examples are single spaced. The first line in each citation is indented 5-7 spaces while any other lines start at the left margin. Some professors and publishers prefer that references appear in the "handing indent" format: the first line of each citation starts at the left margin, with subsequent lines indented 5-7 spaces. Examples are based on Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association. 4th ed. (REF B76.7 P83 1994)

BOOKS	Author's last name, Initials of first name.(date of publication). Title of Book. City of Publication: Publisher.
One Author	Rosenthal, R. (1985). Meta-analytic procedures for social research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Two or More Authors	Cone, J.D. & Foster, S.L. (1993). Dissertations and theses from start to finish: Psychology and related fields. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Group(Corporate) Author	U.S. Department of Justice. (1996). Interviewing child witnesses and victims of sexual abuse. Washington, DC: Author. When the author and publisher are identical, use the word Author as the name of the publisher.
Editor(s)	Gibbs, J.T., & Huang, L.N. (Eds.). (1991). Childeren of color: Psychological interventions with minority youth. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass.
No Author or Editor	Merriam-Webster's collegiate dictionary (10th ed.). (1993). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.
Encyclopedia	Storrow, H.A. (1994). Eating disorders. In Encyclopedia of psychology. (Vol. 1, pp.453-454). New York : John Wiley & Sons.

PERIODICAL ARTICLES	Author's last name. (Date of publication). Title of Article. Title of Periodical,volume number, page numbers.
Journal article, one author	Berkerian, D.A. (1993). In search of the typical eyewitness. American Psychologist, 48, 574-576.
Journal article, two authors, journal paginated by issue	Klimoki, R., & Palmer, S. (1993) The ADA and the hiring process in organizations. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research. 45 (2), 10-36.
Magazine article	Posner, M. I. (1993, October 29). Seeing the mind. Science, 262, 673-674.
Daily Newspaper article, no author	New drug appears to sharply cut risk of death from heart failure. (1993, July 15). The New York Times, p. A12.

Electronic Sources
Worldwide Web	Author. (year). Title. Journal Title [Type of Medium], volume (issue), paging/length if known. Available: URL [Access date].
	Leahy, Patrick.(1996) Guarding the Environment. Environment [online], 38 (10) Available: http://www.Senate./gov/member/vt/leahy/general/env.html [1996,18 December].

For information on citing electronic sources, refer to Li and Crane's (1993) Electronic Style: A Guide to Citing Electronic Information. (Ready Ref. PN171 .D37 L5 1993).

This page last updated 2/15/08